Most Common Auto Immune Disease - 1708 Words

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systematic inflammatory disease characterized by synovitis (constant inflammation of the synovial membranes) and autoantibodies. The disease that affects 0.5-1.0% of all adults in industrialized countries, mostly women and elderly people (Scott et al, 2010). In the United States, more than 1.5 million people suffer from rheumatoid arthritis, making it one of the most common auto-immune disease (Carmona et al. 2010). According to the Arthritis Foundation, individuals who suffer from arthritis have to deal with joint pain, morning stiffness, fatigue, loss of appetite, depressive symptoms, and low-grade fever which can last a few days to weeks. Individuals with this disease tend to have a low-quality of life and difficulties with day-to-day activities. There are 5 types of RA progression measured by imaging radiography. Type 1 is identified as a rare type, with no radiographic progression, type 2 is a slow or moderate onset with increasing progression, type 3 is a moderate-to-fast onset with stable progression, type 4 is a fast onset with a decreased progression rate, and type 5 is a slow onset with acceleration in progression, then deceleration (Graudal et al, 2004). Having any of the five types of RA can cause disability as a result of joint damage, lowers quality of life, and can lead to other comorbidities such as cardiovascular disease, tuberculosis, malignancies, and mental health conditions such anxiety and depression (Scott et al,Show MoreRelatedB Lymphocytes : Humoral Immunity And Provides Defense Against Pathogens799 Words   |  4 Pageschain loci. These chains pair with the IgÃŽ ± and IgÃŽ ² polypeptides to form the mature B-cell receptor which is then transported onto the cell surface where it can bind antigen and signal inside the cell. Different populations of B cells result in pre immune pools where each cell in these quiescent populations expresses a B cell antigen receptor with a unique specificity. The BCRs come in contact with their specific antigen and generate several intracellular signals are which leads activation, differentiationRead MoreSymptoms And Treatment Of Arthritis1098 Words   |  5 Pages Arthritis in dogs is a degenerative disease that causes stiffness in the joints and muscles, limiting the dog s mobility. Although it varies in severity, in some cases arthritis in dogs can be extremely painful, just like it can be in people. And arthritis in dogs is a very common condition, afflicting up to one in every three to four dogs. That s why information about dogs and arthritis is so important. Keep reading for some valuable information on the symptoms of arthritis in dogs, as wellRead MoreSystemic Lupus Erythematosus ( Sle )1591 Words   |  7 Pageserythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease that affects multiple tissues and systems and with significant variable clinical features and organ involvement (Cava, 2010). It is characterized by a chronic, relapsing, inflammatory and often febrile multisystemic disorder of connective tissue with wide spectrum of involvement of skin, joints, kidneys and serosal membranes. The exact etiology is noknown, but it represents failure of the regulatory mechanisms of immune system in which body s own defensesRead MoreSymptoms And Treatment Of Autoimmune Diseases834 Words   |  4 Pagesautoimmune diseases Autoimmune diseases are caused by auto-antibodies, according to auto-antibodies can be divided into: organ-specific, which affects one organ; non-organ specific, which are a multisystem disease. 2.1. Organ-specific 2.1.1. 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AroundRead MoreThe Radioactive Iodine Uptake Of The Thyroid Gland1704 Words   |  7 Pagesshow a sign of thyrotoxicosis, it helps in finding out the cause, in which hyperthyroidism is a type of thyrotoxicosis that give rise to an increase in uptake, specifically graves’ disease which has a consistent uptake pattern (Panneerselvan et al., 2013).The test is also useful in differentiating mild Graves’ disease (raised uptake) from post-partum thyroiditis (low uptake), and the test is used by many physicians to calculate the treatment dose for hyperthyroid patients. (Cooper, 2003).There isRead MoreImmune Thrombocytopenic Purpura (IPT)824 Words   |  3 Pages) Finally, my parents took me into the doctor after months of noticing these strange bruises. The doctors ran many tests and took a lot of blood. I was diagnosed with chronic Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura, otherwise known as ITP. ITP is an auto-immune blood disorder that is caused by an untreated viral infection or immune system suppression caused by vaccinations and can be life-altering. Symptoms of ITP can range dramatically from patient to patient. One of the many symptoms is low blood plateletRead MoreHaemoglobin Case Study885 Words   |  4 PagesStudies of global burden diseases (GBD 2010) present anaemias as growing problem in public health (De Franceschi, Iolascon, Taher, Cappellini, 2017). Haemoglobin (Hb) 12 g/dL in women; such as in case presented, offer a general definition, distinguishable by three broad pathophysiologies: decreased production (reticulocytopenia), erythrocyte loss (haemorrhage), and increased erythrocytes destruction (haemolytic anaemias) (De Franceschi, Iolascon, Taher, Cappellini, 2017). 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