Gentlemen prefer blondes Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Gentlemen prefer blondes - Essay ExampleThe novel takes a narrative of Loreleis personal account as she wanders, shops in fancy stores, and dines with men of recognizable popularity and eke out pockets. Featuring a satirical approach in presenting a popular cultures stereotypes towards blonde women during the 1920s, Blondes is utter to be amusing, mirthful, and gay, but full of shrewd observation and devastating irony (Frost 292). Anita Loos Experience and Life in Understanding the Novel Anita Loos was early exposed in the world of theater when his father worked as a theater man eonr after becoming unemployed as a newspaper publisher. Also, she earns knowledge about acting when she starts the craft from her early childhood up until her teens (Szpytko 1). Most of the time, she happens to be the center of attention each time she joins a particular play, and her father is extremely proud of her (Loos and Beauchamp 9). Aside from acting once in a while, Anita is also considered as a child prodigy as she started writing scripts when she was 12 although reports told that she was already 24 years old when she sold her first book (Loos and Beauchamp 11). Also, when she reached 20 years old, she is already considered as a professional screenwriter, who prolifically worked in over 60 silent films and talkies (Szpytko 1). Moreover, her influences are invariably philosophy readings and the community pages of the New York newspapers (Loos and Beauchamp 11). The early 1900s is characterized as the age of Jazz and the Roaring Age of Twenties, the phenomenal flamboyant flapper, and the age where baring skin becomes a trend (Szpytko 1). During that period also, Anita Loos wrote scripts and stories, which she submitted to various film companies including Biograph production, Mutual production, and D. W. Griffiths committed film outfit (Loos and Beauchamp 13). As a curious child, teen, and young adult, Anita has a penchant for examining the lives of the upper separate Ameri cans (13). She also has a series of rich boyfriends, which she admittedly dumped and sent to tears when she got bored of the relationship (14). Hence, Anita considers herself a failure as a gold digger (14). However, the significant experience she had when she was young was when H.L. Mencken, a terrible journalist of the early 1990s, to whom she devoted admiration was in fact had a penchant for blonde women. She characterizes single particular blonde woman as empty-headed, leaving her puzzled as to why men manage over a blondes attention. As a result, Loos makes careful conversations with herself regarding the status of blonde women in the society. Right then, Loos thinks that blonde women must belong to a certain kind of class that can be considered a privilege. Her novel speaks of this contention. Some aspects of Looss story reflect in her masterpiece as the beginning of the book reveals womens fascination over a diamond that lives forever, which is both an analogy of womens leaning towards beauty and material possessions, and a satirical approach in stereotyping women particularly those who are blonde (Snodgrass 335). Anitas encounters with rich men and the timing of the Great Depression all contribute to her amusing yet significant depiction of women in her age. Knowing the authors background somehow gives readers a deeper understanding of the issues that fence in the plot of the novel. It gives readers an added perspective in digesting the

Literature Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 3

Literature - Essay ExampleIt is also clear that their heir feelings of flag-waving(prenominal) pride would have been greatly damaged following the humiliation of losing a war they perceived to be a draw. Germans were well aware that the rest of the world looked upon them with contempt and as the losers, giving them plenty of pauperization for a new fight. This is why it can be said that the treaty was largely responsible for the national socialists rise to power and the inevitable violence of WWII.A great deal of the literature of this achievement remains focused on the individual and his or her attempts to discover some form of meaning in their lives. For example, Luitov in My First Goose attempts to find his place in a crazy world by abandoning his faith and his homeland in order to be convey one of the Cossacks. In the crazy world of the untaught and rough Cossacks, though, he remains empty and unrealized because he is quickly branded an outsider and teased. His attempts to nub the men in his rough treatment of the old woman and her goose also leave him unfulfilled because he is already feeling the grating in his heart indicating that he has retained more of his familys belief system than he had cared to admit. These stories typically illustrate that while we may not have some(prenominal) control over our lives or be provided with a world that makes any sense, we still have an factor of individual control over the choices we make. Our reactions to the results of these choices attention us to define who we are as people and help us develop our own sense of meaning.The Occupation of Japan went smoothly because the Americans didnt try to come in and completely re-seat the Japanese administrative structures. However, things werent necessarily all that smooth. Postwar Japan was devastated by the fire bombing, living spaces were scarce and fuel and food were even less plentiful. When the U.S. went into Iraq, though, one of the first things they did was to detract the existing governmental

Human Behavior Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Human Behavior - Movie Review pillow slipThe buck mainly features on Al Gore and his travels around the world. It primarily depicts his efforts in trying to memorize the macrocosm on the severe effects of climate change, which in the long run might sire orbicular change (Guggenheim). Gore shows the world through this documentary of the effects of global warming on the earth both presently and in the future. The evidence of global warming is shown through detailed graphs and catamenia charts portraying the effects of economic change on the earth. In addition, several pictures argon also shown of earth, which were taken from various angles from space. Gores message is further highlighted on the film on global warming, which consort to the v starter president, is brought about by global climatic change due to the various actions of man. The main stratum of these changes on the environment is the amount of greenhouse gases released to the environment due to various activities . These causative actions of man are mainly the release of gases by various industrial processes, which eventually lead to climatic change and global warming. The film warns the public that people should check their actions, and that their actions on environment should be verified to ensure they are not aggravating the situation of global warming. The documentary also highlights the likelihood of collapse in ice sheets mainly in Greenland and West Antarctica. These occurrences might lead to rising of sea levels to approximately 20 feet higher up current levels. Consequently, this will lead to floods along coastal areas, which might cause displacement of population in these areas (Guggenheim). In the event where there is melting of the ice from Greenland, water will be found to withdraw lower saline levels hence, may affect the currents mainly from northern Europe making them warmer compared to preliminary temperatures. This could lead to striking local cooling effect on the area. This illustration shows how catastrophic global warming will be to future generations, if really nothing is done about pollution increases. However the film offers a lifeline as it encourages that certain actions need to be taken appropriately to check the problem. environmental pollution effects can be easily reversed if mankind acts fast on easing of causative factors. Firstly people should strive to ensure very few amounts of carbon dioxide are released into the environment. Secondly, the public should embark on efforts to plant as many trees and plant as possible. Increase in vegetation cover provides an avenue through which excess carbon dioxide gets out of the atmosphere. At this point, one can express that the film will have a lasting impact on the viewers. This positive assumption holds despite the notion that some facts need to be verified scientifically to check their authenticity, and to analyze their affects using scientific methods. Though the film is catchy and ve ry educative, more awareness needs to be done to the world, peculiarly on the negative effects of industrial development (Guggenheim). The film gives viewers an insight on a city in Brazil, which has taken some measures to make a difference on environmental pollution. From an object glass perspective, the film is really an educational piece of work for those involved in urban planning and the

Are court and tribunals in the English legal system now Essay

Are judicial system and tribunals in the English legal system straightaway indistinguishable in all important respects - Essay ExampleThe content of the law hither include things like criminal offences and graciousised wrongs. Here the distinction between a crime and civil wrong cannot be stated as depending upon what is done because what is done may be the same in each case. The true distinction lies therefore not in the nature of the wrongful act barely in the legal consequences that follow it. The instances above thus are addressed, heard and determined at very(prenominal) different places which bring us to the court system of the English legal system. This court system is change integrity or subdivided into either the criminal court system which includes the Supreme Court, the court of appeal, crown court, magistrates, gamey court and Privy Council. The other division is the civil court system which also includes the Supreme Court, the court of appeal, the county court, t he magistrates, the high court and the tribunals (Baker, 2009, p. 29). This brings us to our main subject of the courts and tribunals. From the oxford learners dictionary the meaning of a court is basically a soul or body having judicial authority to hear and resolve disputes in civil, criminal, ecclesiastical or military cases. On the other hand a tribunal is a sitting or a group of proceedings how end goal is to establish and deliver a judgment on a specific issue such as a tribunal to resolve an election dispute which in itself is under the guidance and rules of the court system. The Court and the Tribunal In origin, these tribunals are designed as alternatives to what is believed to be the artificial formality of courts of law, and the supposed ignorance of the ordinary judiciary of specialized information regarding particular economic and hearty relationships. The ordinary man or woman is anticipate to be able to operate the process without reach of counsel or solicitors (B lackstone, 2003). It soon begins to appear, however, that the total absence of formality can be a aboveboard passport to injustice. Moreover, in rent cases, and cases of unfair dismissal, the landlord or employer could hardly be expected to spend immense days in court instead of managing his own business, and therefore might reasonably be expected to employ a professional advocate. The first characteristic led to a widespread reference book of the character reference of the ordinary courts in their supervisory role of subordinate tribunals, the second to an equally widespread demand for the extension (Bailey, et al. 2007, p. 68). The second to an equally widespread demand for the extension of legal aid to tribunals originally instituted with the intention of holding the lawyers out. One thing, however, has emerged from the development of the tribunal system since the war, and this is the marked preference shown by Parliament and the public for a tribunal consisting of a lawyer in the chair sitting with two seasoned and experienced site members over trial by judge alone, or trial before a judge and civil jury (Elliott & Quinn, 2011, p. 38). First and foremost, in a court the purpose of the case is usually to get the culprit of the offence i.e. the wrongdoer and the appropriate punishment to be administered like in instances where a robbery has occurred and the person responsible has been arrested by the persons concerned which in this case might be the police or even out the public. This is somehow different from a tribunal whose real and intended purpose is to

Love - consumer behavior Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Love - consumer behavior - Assignment ExamplePromotions will offer these consumers to a greater extent information that helps them to take aim products (Solomon, Zaichkowsky & Polegato, 2011). Marketers should make the advertisements as attractive as possible to win customers loyalty.Consumers in the low-involvement power structure level do not have a variety of brand preference. Therefore, marketers should use high whole tone packaging to attract consumers who focus more on passive acquirement as they experiment on products. Self-satisfaction as stimulus-response connections is essential (Solomon, Zaichkowsky & Polegato, 2011). more(prenominal) so, they pay high prices for brand preferences, as they are more attracted to what they see as their choice.Experiental hierarchy level of consumers buys products depending on their motives and moods. As a result, marketers who use persuasive talk through placement get these consumers because they do not remain loyal to a brand (Solomon, Zaichkowsky & Polegato, 2011). More than often, the purchasing patterns of consumers in this level make a decision based on individual emotions as they tend to be influenced by ethnic, racial, religion, age.It is more relevant to understand that consumer behavior affects the purchasing decisions individuals undertake. As a result, marketers should focus on using the components of market mix to win more customers. More than often, they should focus on customers seeking loyalty to a given brand especially those in the standard and passive learning

Personal statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Personal Statement ExampleI have taken the highest level of mathematics courses available to me, and have always felt that mathematics come actu all(prenominal)y naturally to me, but I also have always been able to insure complex systems such as those in biology or chemistry. I think that my understanding of systems and my affinity for mathematics will lead to me being super successful as a major in economics. My interest in economics largely stems from the recess which seems to have dominated Ameri cigarette life for most of the time in my life when I could understand such issues, and shows no sign of improving drastically for another great portion of my life. It seems incredible that it was potential for so much false wealth to be generated simply by banking practices and poorly loans, and that the drop in one area of financing could lead to a cascade reaction that has such immense international consequences. I want to study economics to be able to understand how all of this could have happened and how it can be prevented in the future. ... But it also asks for an experience that is important to you, and I would like to focus on that. Throughout high-school I have volunteered in a wide variety of places in a very organized fashion, but there was one experience that I remember that stood out especially for me. A few years ago there was a storm in my town that caused extensive prop damage to my familys house and all of the houses in the vicinity and the work of alter up took a long time. Once many of the families were well progressed in clear broken trees and other damages from their property, it became apparent that a neighbor of mine who I had never met was not clearing their property at all when I noticed this I asked my parent why this was the case, and they reminded me that the couple that lived there was fairly old and strength not be able to clear the property themselves. I decided that it would probably be a good thing to go check on them, and see if they could use some help clearing their property. At first they said they had it under control, but upon talking to them more I learned that they were hard to save up money to hire a cleaning crew, because they could not do the work on their own, but crews were so expensive they were having a hard time at it. I offered to help, and over the beside few solar days spent an hour or two a day clearing their property, which was a slow process and eventually got very frustrating. On the third day, however, another neighbor stopped by and asked why I was doing this when it was not my property, and so I told them the story, and they offered to help a few hours to. The next day another person stopped by, and before too long we had nearly a dozen hatful working to clear the property, and it was finished in less than a

Construction Contract Law Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

eddy Contract Law - object lesson Study ExampleThese set of laws preside over the operation of government and safeguards the rights of individuals. As such, it is the very ashes of a well organised society. This essay will examine the importance of Alternative Dispute announcement in resolving and expediting cases between and among the parties. In order to shed light to this, the case of Burchell v. Mr. and Mrs. Bullard will be used along with relevant provisions of the Housing Grants, Construction and Regeneration Act of 1996, The Woolf Report, Pre-Action Protocol for the Construction and Engineering Disputes and other incumbent and relevant materials to Alternative Dispute Resolution and Construction Contract Law. Among the difficulties encountered in forming this paper was that due to the relatively new case of Burchell, materials used for this paper are limited to current case laws and articles which relates to the case.In the instant case, Mr Burchell, the claimant, had ag reed to build two large extensions to the home of Mr and Mrs Bullard, the defendants, for which he was to be paid in four stages, as stated in their agreement. The Spouses Bullard refused to make the third stage payment, amounting to 13,540.99 and describe fault about the work that had been done. The claimants solicitors initially wrote to the defendants suggesting that the matter be referred for an Alternative Dispute Resolution finished a qualified construction mediator. Subsequently, this approach was discarded by the defendants surveyor on the grounds that the matters complained of are technically complex, and as such mediation is inappropriate to settle the issue in the case. The claimant claimed 18,318.45. The defendants responded by counterclaiming 100,815.34 and boost damages which were then not fully particularised. The claimant then brought a Part 20 claim against a sub-contractor in relation to the roofing works. There were no payments into Court and no Part 36 Offers made.At first instance the Court rendered judgment in favour of the claimant on his claim and awarded him 18,327.04 but excessively gave judgment in favour of the defendants on the counterclaim in the amount of 14,373.15. The result was that the defendants had to pay the claimant the difference, which with kindle and VAT came to only 5,025.63. The claimant was awarded 79.50 on his counterclaim against the sub-contractor. The defendants were say to pay the claimants costs of the claim and in turn, the claimant was ordered to pay the defendants costs of the counterclaim. The claimant was also ordered to pay the Part 20 defendants costs on the tail end that the Part 20 defendant had only had 79.50 awarded against him and had made offers to settle from the beginning.The claimant appealed the costs award and made a further proposal for mediation, requesting the defendants to submit to the Court of Appeal scheme. The defendants, thereafter responded in the negative stating that they d id not escort that this would be either necessary or appropriate. In determining whether the circumstances of the case reassert a departure from the general

Evaluate Bribery in the context of International Strategic Marketing Essay - 1

Evaluate transplant in the context of International Strategic Marketing - Essay Examplein -- in opposite words, to do as the Romans do. When a corporate official is faced with real situations abroad, this advice elicit give turn off to conflicts and ambiguity, when actual situations require responses which be incompatible with the ethical norms in the home solid ground. Payment of a tiptoe to a government official or employee in the home country intended to facilitate licensing can be considered bribery, and therefore fount to legal consequences, at home however, in a foreign country it may be a standard operating procedure that can facilitate and expedite action. The salute of refusing to comform to local practice can be result in significant losses which are disproportional in relation to the small amount of bribe money. The international marketer can face a difficult dilemma when he has to respond to situations where there is no local law, where local practices forgive a certain behavior, or the companywilling to do what is necessary is favored over the company that refuses to engage in practices that are not ethical.The issue of bribery and corruption is not extensively covered in international or global marketing textbooks. The subject is often located under the rubric of legal purlieu (subtopic moral philosophy and regulations) cultural environment, (as in Hill 2005 Verna and Sarathy 1993). Or it is discussed as part of international promotions (Verna and Sarathy). For the most part the subject presents the the relevant US statute (FCPA) and analyzes its features and implications for the business person and marketer. A more comprehensive treatment, including its history and philosophic basis is found in textbooks dealing with the business environment (such as Baron 1997) and legal environment (such as Jennings 1997).This study will deal with the issue of bribery from the Western viewpoint, particularly that of the United States, beingness t he first country to enact a law prohibiting its practice by its companies abroad. The Foreign Corrupt

Amy Cuddy, TedTalk Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Amy Cuddy, TedTalk - Assignment spokespersonCan you really fake it work on you make it? This is true to some extent as it depends on the person and their motivation to achieve what they want. Actually what our body experiences can change what we think in our minds resulting in a change in our behaviors. The moment our behaviors change, the outcome is likely to be the ones we desire. There is so very much faking that amazes place in the business field. Most of the time people say some things about themselves that would be viewed as pure fiction. This practice is common among the entrepreneurs.People tend to exaggerate their experience, knowledge, compensation and accomplishments. They associate themselves with conquest in every ara of their lives. They go to the extent of posting some of these online for the general public to read. These are made up allegations since they never have hard evidence to support whatever it is they write about. some of these people actually end up a chieving some of the things they fake if they focus very well.Fake it till you make it worked for my brother. When we were young he utilise to make toy cars and drive them around the neighborhood. He used to imitate the engine using his mouth. He would say that he had a real car that could take him where he wanted to go. The moment he got employed, he bought a car with the same model as the toys he used to

Technologies Used by Limestone County Sheriff's Office Athens, AL Research Paper

Technologies Used by Limestone County Sheriffs Office Athens, AL - Research Paper ExampleThis stipulation is not restricted to larger law forces such(prenominal) as in metropolitan centers but instead extends to all kinds of police divisions whether small or large. This paper will attempt to analyze the various forms of technology being employed by the Limestone County Sheriffs Office situated in Athens, Alabama. 2. Technologies in Use 2.1. Internet The Limestone County Sheriffs Office has a in truth strong online presence indicated by the website that is regularly updated for various news, events and other reading dispersals (Limestone County Sheriffs Office, 2012 a). For example the website is completely updated on the first landing page with information regarding the 17th Annual Limestone County Triad Trail Ride including thinkable routes to the venue. This represents a strong part of the law enforcement culture because the internet highway is the future of communication and in formation dispersal especially for law enforcement where the information may need to be updated by the minute such as during emergencies. Another aspect of the website are the provided links to various services and information areas such as the National Rifle Association (for gun safety) (NRA, 2012), information regarding drunk driving and tolerable alcohol limits (Limestone County Sheriffs Office, 2012 b), the mathematical function to the sheriffs office (Google Maps, 2012) and other similar resources. 2.2. Air Support In addition to the use of internet-based technologies the Limestone County S

Wireless Electricity Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Wireless Electricity - Assignment ExampleInternational Journal Of computational Engineering Research (ijceronline.com), Volume 2 topic 7, pp. 48-51.This is a research paper which was published in the international journal. This paper presents a detailed analysis of radio set transmission and various associated concepts. This paper is a good source for developing the base for the research. This paper excessively discusses some of issues with radiocommunication transmission. In the start, authors grade between wireless and wired medium of energy transmission.This is a detailed project report presented by four students. This report presents a detailed analysis of wireless energy transmission. In this report, authors discuss diverse applications of wireless energy transmission. In this scenario, they analyze these applications on the basis on certain parameters such as user-friendliness, sustainability, economical and technological feasibility and health and safety.This paper discu sses a wide variety of methods and technologies exist up to now for wireless transmission of electricity and the need for a Wireless System of Energy Transmission. They also discuss their advantages, disadvantages and economical consideration. This paper also discusses the history of wireless transmission.Mohammed, S. S., Ramasamy, K., & Shanmuganantham, T. (2010). Wireless Power Transmission A Next Generation Power Transmission System. International Journal of Computer Applications, Volume 1 Issue 13, pp. 100-103.This paper discusses a detailed analysis of technologies available for wireless energy transmission. The paper is based on finding a solution to deal with energy losses that occur in case of wireless transmission due to the wireless nature of this energy transmission.This is a thesis that is presented by a alum student for the completion of his graduation in electrical engineering. This thesis is a complete guide for wireless

Why i am for the NO CHILD LEFT BEHIND ACT Assignment

Why i am for the NO youngster LEFT BEHIND ACT - Assignment Examplellars of accountability for results an emphasis on doing what works ground on scientific research expanded parental options and expanded local control and flexibility. While on the whole of this sounds arbitrary, it is the accountability for results that most disturbs given the fact that test results equal federal funds, not a positive carrot in my opinion for the achievement of educational excellence.The statement by President Bush (2001) is at the heart of what I see as a very serious flaw in the ordinance pertaining to its emphasis on testing which he c on the wholes. ...the essence of excellence and the means of judging that in education.... (para 7).The U.S. incision of Education USDE insists No Child Left Behind puts a special emphasis on implementing educational programs and practices that have been clearly demonstrated to be effective through rigorous scientific research.While all of this sounds promising , other aspects of a test-oriented program by which the fate of dominions rise or fall is a stimulate one considering what is at stakeagain, federal funding. While reps Becky Fleischauer from the National Education Association (NEA) (2002) claims that we will bugger off to see testing and accountability and teacher quality (para. 2), other experts have a very disparate take that does not instill the same confidence, especially when it comes to testing.Education expert James Pophan (2010) found the next An astonishing amount of cheating is taking place on the tests that measure progress(para. 1), rendering psychometric guidelines touted as produced through rigorous scientific research by psychometric experts virtually worthless. Shockingly unlike instances of educator cheating range from teachers allowing students more than the allotted time, to the administration of pre-tests with actual final test questions. I find this quite disturbing given these tests are supposed to accur ately predict student and district achievement.Other issues

Comment (critique) on the essay of contemporary utopia titled pico

Comment (critique) on the of contemporary utopia titled pico union - Essay moralGrube and Reeve (328b-331b), in their analysis of Platos Republic exert further emphasis on egalitarianism, as a crucial aspect of an ideal confederation. Based on both authors perspectives, it is rather apparent that the wiz features of an ideal human community include prevalence of peace, social equality and diligent service to the community, among opposite positive attributes. The Magnolia Place, located in LAs Pico Union is indubitably one of the modern models of utopia. The mental institution brings together volunteers from the community including regional and administrative organizations, who aim at increasing access, utilization as well up as the quality of local resources, utility services, and support for the underprivileged in the area. The Magnolia Place, therefore, strengthens social relations among community members and improves economic development and opportunities. Even though, the n eighborhood within which the organization is located was in the past regarded as the most insecure in Los Angeles, it has developed into a refuge for the people in the region (N.A 1-2). The alteration is a confirmation of Mores ideology that a Utopian society consists of flawed individuals, who recognize to make a positive change in their environs. The establishment depicts volunteers effort to foster equality, security and peace, by means of enabling the disadvantaged to get work, healthcare and reasonably priced housing, in addition to other fundamental

Affirmative action,is it necessary in the 21st. century Essay

Affirmative action,is it necessary in the 21st. degree Celsius - Essay ExampleAnd although they have nurtured a particular vision of social justice. Unfortunately, not all the problems of come to opportunities at the workplace have been solved. For females and minority employees, affirmative action proposes great opportunities to be equally do by and protected (to some extent). During half a century, affirmative action policies have proved their effectiveness, but cannot nullify gender and racial inequalities. For this reason, training and promotion activities as a part of affirmative action ar vital for successful organisational performance. Nevertheless, there be some disadvantages of these policies. They include low-qualifies fork force and low-personal achievements of employees relate in the affirmative action programs. To everyplace come these possible threats the organization should conduct programming of special(prenominal) human resources activities, based on persona l development and human capital policies.Organisations play a major(ip) and continuing role in the lives of stack, especially with the growth of large-scale business organisations and the divorce of ownership from management. Organisations of genius form or another are a necessary part of a society and dish many essential needs. The decisions and actions of management in organisations have an increasing impact on individuals, other organisations and the community. It is important, therefore, to get a line the role of affirmative action and the pervasive influences which it exercises over the behaviour of people. In the 21st century, the debate over pros and cons of affirmative action is still alive. Heated discussions concern the role of affirmative action in organizational development and its impact on HR management. The policy of affirmative action has deep roots. It goes back to 1941 when F. Roosevelt promote minority employment by ordering defense contractors to cease discr iminatory hiring (Yates, n.d.). Further, this concept was developed by Lyndon Johnson in 1965 when he put teeth into minority hiring rules for government contractors (Yates, n.d.). The next amendments took place under the establishment of J. Kennedy who introduced Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) establishing to investigate contractors practices, impose sanctions, collect employment statistics, and ensure submission with government regulations (Yates, n.d.).The necessity of Affirmative action was caused by dominance by white males in American workforce. At the middle of the XX century they occupied the majority of managerial positions and many of the more important blue-collar jobs. The role of women was to occupies lower-paying positions. On the other hand, racial minorities found considerable barriers to entering the labor commercialise at the higher paying levels. The necessity of affirmative action is still an issue of the day, because people are discriminated i n many aspects of our life and work. The selection process in particular directly discriminates between people in order to offer the reward of a job to one but not the others. legitimate forms of discrimination are acceptable but others are not, and have been made unlawful. Facts sooner than prejudice, and relevant facts rather than irrelevant facts, are important criteria in determining what type of discrimination is acceptable. For instance, members of minority groups, females, the hard perfume disadvantaged, persons with disabilities, veterans, and persons more senior in age than most or who have sexual preference differences. flock and groups of people typically discriminated against on the job, in promotional consideration, in employment retention, in hiring, in run and in admissions (Martinez, 1997).Legislation, voluntary codes

Market Entry Strategy for a New Start Up Manufacturing Innovative Essay

Market Entry dodge for a New Start Up Manufacturing Innovative Smart Television - Essay ExampleAn modal(a) viewership is normal of 4 hours 2 minutes of TV a day, up from a normal of 3 hours 36 minutes a day in 2006. A TV License in the UK is incumbent on(predicate) and spreads you to watch on any TV, portable gadget or tablet in your home or progressing. In 2013, not exactly one for every penny of UK customers watches salutary time-moved TV. As the CEO of our firm, I indispensableness to plan the foodstuff dodging before entering the marketing in the United Kingdom. Our strategy should look into penetrating the market in order to generate gross sales. In order to do that, we need to understand the market of Smart televisions in UK. In the following paragraphs, I have done the compendium of market after going through some surveys. (Rivera & Oh, 2013) The UK has fewer TVs the normal family now has 1.83 TV sets, surmount from a normal of 2.3 sets in 2003. At the same time, they are viewing more TV on additional apparatuses a normal of 4 hours 2 minutes of TV a day, up from a normal of 3 hours 36 minutes a day in 2006. A TV certify in the UK is obligatory and spreads you to watch on any TV, portable gadget or tablet in your home or progressing. In 2013, not exactly one for every penny of UK customers watch just time-moved TV. (Rivera & Oh, 2013) Premium TV characteristics are on the ascent more than a third of the TV market esteem in 2013 was from sales of 3d Televisions, and sales of kind sized screens (43 inches or more) expanded 10 for every penny in the previous 12 months. Between the first quarter of 2010 and the same point in 2013, Smart TV sales expanded by 211 for every penny, from 115,000 to 358,000 units for every quarter. Complete sales figures demonstrate more than 2.9m Smart TVs have been sold in the UK since 2010. The pattern towards premium characteristics is on the ascent. More than a third of the TV market esteem in 2013 was from sales of 3d TVs, in nastiness of the fact that this characteristic now comes as standard in most high-end sets.

Civil War Position Paper Essay Example for Free

accomplished War Position Paper EssayThe American well-bred War almost tore premature America and its population a ruin. Still today people debate weather thrall was the primary mother for the war. In this paper I will explain why I believe slavery was not the primary cause of the American Civil War. Also I will point out umteen other factors that may have played a bigger role in the cause of the Civil War. Southern states believed STRONGLY in states rights. States rights are the belief that one should be loyal to their state sort of of the country as a whole, also they believed that states should be able to make their own laws to their liking without having to help to the country. This alone created tension between the conspiracyern states and the northwardsern states for northern states felt that the constitution clearly verbalize that states can create laws as long as they do not conflict with the laws of the country. In humanitarian to the tension between the nort h and south carnal knowledge placed a tax on goods bought removed of the country otherwise known as tariffs. In 1828 and 1832, congress raised tariffs higher and higher.These taxes were hated by the southern states for they did not have many factories unlike theyre northern counterparts, and thus they paid tariffs more than often. In one instance a southern state refused to pay the tariff nullifying the tax congress had placed this event known as the nullification crisis drove the wedge between the north and south further The bloody fighting between northern and southern choosers in Kansas was another step in the path of the civil war.Due to the popular sovereignty act suggested by Senator Stephen Douglas the people where able to vote on whether that territory wouldve been a free state or a slave state, this caused voters from both the north and the south to pour into these states hoping to tip the scale in their favor in doing this conflict between the 2 erupted as homes were burned and people were murdered. In conclusion I do not believe that slavery was the primary cause of the civil war. My reason for thinking this is because of all the events that the country had to push though on top of slavery. For starters states rights, tariffs, nullification crisis, the Kansas Nebraska act, and the bleeding Kansas scare all played a bigger part in the cause of the civil war rather then slavery.

Human Rights Essay Example for Free

Human Rights seeThe Internet appears to be the ideal technology for democracy. When the Internet began, people thought they could communicate and even take up in commerce without the need for a big police force. As people from different cultures let down connecting to the Internet, it appears that the Internet is only as democratic as people make it. Governments side by side(p) move online has been significantly less comfortable. China has recently forced Google to rewrite their search software so that it supports the values of state security over individual freedom by blocking certain sites. In order to continue doing business in China, the Chinese government forced Google to disable certain functionalities of their products so that Chinese citizens cannot connect to Web pages on topics such as human rights and democracy. The Chinese government and Google derived the alleged(prenominal) Great Firewall of China in order to conceal from the public the potential contents that ma y capture threat to Chinese ideologies and politics.References Baase, S. (2007).Gift of Fire Social, Legal, and Ethical Issues for Computing and the Internet. Pearson Prentice Hall. Garland, E. (2007). Future, Inc. How origines Can Anticipate and Profit from Whats Next. AMACOM Div American Management. Giddens, A. (2006). Sociology. Polity. Hassan, R. (2004). Media, Politics and the Network Society. McGraw-Hill International. Human Rights Watch, . (2007). Human Rights Watch World Report 2007. Seven Stories Press. Landow, G. P. (2006).Hypertext 3. 0 precise Theory and New Media in an Era of Globalization. JHU Press. Marling, W. H. (2006). How American Is Globalization?. JHU Press. Meza, E. P. (2007). Coming Attractions? Hollywood, High Tech, and the Future of Entertainment. Stanford University Press. Reuvid, J. , Li, Y. (2005). Doing Business With China. GMB Publishing Ltd. Wood, A. F. , Smith, M. J. (2005). Online Communication Linking Technology, Identity, and Culture. Routle dge.

Cause of Divorce Essay Example for Free

Cause of Divorce EssayMarriage is suppose to be a sacred and beautiful union. In present day America, marriages are not relentless as long as they use to. Marriage is not the same anymore. It is like people forgot what it takes to be married and the true meaning of the union. Statistics show that the main movements of failing marriages are infidelity, high packations, and lack of communicating. infidelity often seems to be normal in many relationships. It is probably the single just about damaging cause that leads to divorce. Infidelity is also a problem most couples would face. Years ago when a spouse was cheated on, most likely they would have stayed together because getting a divorce was illegal. Over the years it has amaze easier and easier for couples to become separated and then divorced because of law changes. The betrayal and emotional pain you feel once you learned your spouse had an affair is what often leads to divorce.High expectations often lead to disappoin tment. Men and women both make a serving of assumptions when it comes to marriage. Women are taught by society that men want raise, that men think about sex and that sex is just second nature to men. According to society, if you marry a man you can expect that man to want sex with you. If a man lacks a desire of sex the womans expectation of her husbands sexual performance is lacking. Nine times out of ten if a husband or wife cheats it is a result of a problem in the relationship.The lack of communication is a common problem in daily life. Unfortunately in that location are problems that avoid cosmos talked about between couples. For example, growing up I would always see either my mother or father at home, rarely both. My mother kneaded all day and my father worked nights. The difference in work schedules caused issues. If a topic was to be discussed it seemed as though it wasnt enough time to address it so it was not address. My parents did not have the time to often exchan ge ideas with each other so there was not a confidence for trying to solve their problems.Marriage is not an easy journey. It takes a lot of love, patience, commitment, and communication. Beat statistics. Show them you can make your marriage work. Lets keep marriage sacred and beautiful.

Rabbit Proof Fence Essay Example for Free

Rabbit proof wall EssayAlabama applys literary techniques such(prenominal) as symbolism, repetition and rhyme to express the travel be undertaken by Skynard. Each of these texts explore the notion that it is the journey, not the desitination that is important. The use up of symbolism in Rabbit Proof Fence is utilise to explore the concept that the journey not the distination matters. Symbolism is the use of whizz intention to represent a notion or other object. The inclusion of the spirit bird in the boloney explores the importance of religion to the girls and the importance of the journey. As mentiioined in an aearlier scene, the spirit bird appears (over the exhausted Molly and Gracie) and awakens them from their sleep. This is used to refer to hope and provides in indication that they will make it home, and will have spiritually benefited from their journey. The use of symbolism lends to the notion that it is indeed the journey, not the destination that matters. Diff erent lighting techniques enable the notion of the journey being the thing that matters to be convery to the viewer.Lighting specific to the mood is used to infer location, time and the ever-changing nature of the journey. The harsh brightness passim the journey is a portrayal of the unforgiving locale and conditions needing to be overcome in order to reach the destination. The most relevant and important example of this being the swag black used when the girls are reunited with Maud. This sued of darkness is used to imply the solemn nature of the arrival, and is accompanied by Mollys statement I lost one which is indicativbe of the importance of the journey, rather than the last(a) destination. photographic camera angles are used by Noyce to explore the idea that it is the journey, not the destination that matters. The panning long shot of the view (used at the commencement of the journey, when the three girls escape Moore River) is used to express the long difficult task at ha nd, and that in order to arrive home, they must over come a harsh terrain and long journey. The use of such varying camera angles sis significative that it is the actual journey that matters, as oppose to the final destination.The Rabbit Proof Fence plays two vital roles throughout the journey of Molly, Daisy and Gracie, and is reflective of the importance of the journey. The ring is a representation of a map, as it is a symbol of home for the girls and provides a way in order for them to get home (following the fence). What is later revealed is that the fence has actually proven to be an obstacle, and that they have followed the aggrieve fence, and must change direction to get home.The ability of the girls to overcome this hurdle, and arrive home is again indicative of the notion that it is the journey not the destination that matters when undertaking a physical journey. The growth of Molly throughout the film reflects on the importance of the journey rather than the final out come achieved. Molly is established from the offset printing of the film as a key character, but her growth throughout the journey serves to reaffirm and corroborate this notion.We see her growth into a hunter, a supplier of food and water, and most importantly a motherly figure for her sister and cousin. This is most prominent in the arrival home, with her regretful statement, I lost one The physical journey undertaken enabled Molly to become more empowered, and provided a chance to hone the traditional skills of Aborigines, such as hunting, tracking and finding of water, and for this reason, the journey not the destination is what matters from a physical journey.

Rate of reaction Essay Example for Free

Rate of reaction EssayEvaluation I think that over every last(predicate), our experiments/investigation was self-made except for minor things such as the occasional odd results. On the number matchless graph, these deal be identified as when the lines representing 1. 25 and 1. 5 molar kept on crossing over separately other. They were very similar. In theory, all the lines should be apart because the rate of reaction should be increasing either time. Another odd result is that on the second graph, the point which represents 1 molar is no where tight fitting the line of best fit. All points should either lie on the line or be sensibly close to it. I believe that we got these odd results because our human errors. We may not have collected all the gas produced. Or the gas could have been caught in the collecting piping and this may have resulted in the long time needed for the reaction. I believe that the method provided with us has a a hardly a(prenominal)(prenominal) fau lts that I would like to point out. Firstly, when the magnesium piece is dropped first, then the acidic poured, time is taken for the all the acid to drop nevertheless as soon as the first drop touches the magnesium it will react.This center that hydrogen gas would have been produced when pouring in the acid and lost through the open top. To castrate this, I would say in the method that the acid should be poured in to the test tube first then the magnesium piece, as the cork can be replaced without the metal touching the acid and no hydrogen gas would be lost. Secondly, gas can get trapped in the collecting tube as it faces down. When the first amount of gas is produced, it is followed by more which results in the gas energying antecedent for more space because it cant be compressed.When the last amount of gas is produced, nothing is there to push it forward so it just floats around without reaching the measuring cylinder. I dont really have some(prenominal) improvements for the method but you could try to pass on the measuring cylinder closer to the test tube and keep it at an elevated position. This way, more gas reaches it. We should have taken more care when handling the crosspatch equipment as a measuring cylinder had been pushed over the ledge of the worktop and smashed when it had contact with the ground. Overall, the method was just but like everything else, it could be improved.It was generally a fair test but a few things may have altered the results, such as after a few of the first experiments, one of the windows was opened in the room and cold air rushed in. I dont if this had anything to do with the experiment but it could be something to think over when planning the next investigation. I feel that the mea authorizedments were easy to take measurements as we didnt miss a single reading. We could have repeated the experiment once more to be a little more accurate, the more results there are, the better it is after all.All the graphs show ed a pattern to do with the concentration levels of the acids, the trends got higher for rate of reaction, the time decreased for stronger acids and less time was taken to. We kept the few odd results we got as it gave us something to talk about and think about in the future. I powerfully believe that the results that we got, supported our conclusion as no matter whose results you saw, all showed the same trend and this proves that the results were reliable. undermentioned time, I would use more concentrations of acids, so that we can be even more accurate and sure about the results.Further investigations you could think about could be changing the temperature of the experiment and investigate if it alters your experiments at all. You could in addition change the surface area of the metal such as having a block, or reacting it in a powder form. Catalysts could be added to the reaction to see if they show a major difference. Show preview solitary(prenominal) The above preview is u nformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Patterns of Behaviour section.

Inta Omri by Oum Kalsoum Essay Example for Free

Inta Omri by Oum Kalsoum set aboutEnta Omri is Egyptian utterer and songwriter Oum Kalsoums best known work. The song Enta Omri has been revived and reinterpreted many times all over the past few decades. Even then, no angiotensin-converting enzyme can compare to the original written texts of Oum Kalsoum, who was the best singer to come from the Middle East. Many contemporary Western artisans and musicians have been significantly influenced by her work. Famous artist known to be admirers of her body of work range from such brilliances as painter Salvador Dali to rock star Bono. Today, her popularity has not faded and the recordings of her songs continue to sell very well in the Middle East, with about one million records sold each year. The song Enta Omri has significantly influenced Oum Kalsoum as an artist. The lyrics of her subsequent songs followed the theme of Enta Omri, centered on the topics of love, longing for someone, or the loss of a loved one, much like the top ics prevalent on sylvan music today.Her musical performances are also very long by todays standards. While the official recording of the song Enta Omri is about an hour, her live performances could last for several hours. The people listening to her songs are mesmerized by Oum Kalsoums vocal range, who had one of the deepest singing voice for females.References1. Shira. Inte Omri You Are My Life. Retreived on November 28, 2008. 2. You Tube. Omm Kalthoum-Inta Omri.Retreived on November 28, 2008. 3. Imeem. Inta Omri by Yahel. Retreived on November 28, 2008. 4. Egypt dry land Information Service. Umm Kolthoum. Retreived on November 28, 2008. 5. Al-Ahram Weekly. The Voice of Authority. Retreived on November 28, 2008. 6. Al-Ahram. Umm Kuthoum Superstar. Retreived on November 28, 2008. 7. OumKalthoum. org. Oum Kalthoum. Retreived on November 28, 2008. 8. Al-Masriq. Umm Kulthum. Retreived on November 28, 2008.

Cultural Diversity Phase Essay Example for Free

Cultural Diversity Phase EssayIn the conjunction, cultural change is an evident and become dominant concept wherein it commonly affects the mixer structures and processes in the society. This is mainly because cultural conversion significantly cause the society to be segregated into their respective social minority groups with their cultural differences answer as the gap and blocking wall between these groups. In addition, cultural diversity also has caused sure proscribe social problems such as discrimination and oppression worsening the difficulty of social separation.Because of which, the negative aspect of multiculturalism and the social tension it has produced should be sufficiently addressed. Different social groups and institutions are make divers(prenominal) steps and approaches to bridge the gap of multiculturalism in every individual and social minority. This includes cultural information running play to educate the society about the different culture of each group to answer the different inquisition of each individual thus eliminating the problem of cultural misconception and misunderstanding.In addition, community groups are also establishing social groups and institutions that request participation from different cultural groups giving them a chance to communicate and relate to some other groups tearing down themselves the walls created by multiculturalism. These programs and community efforts are established to promote communication and social participation of each social minority in the campaign to address social unity.Multiculturalism in the present society serves as a hindering wall thus, this hindrance must be torn down apply intercultural communication and social participation. Intervention must also be done in facilitating cooperative approaches to visit its advantage. With this approach implemented, society as a whole would be one-step closer in making a harmonious relationship between culturally diversified social group s. Bibliography Parekh, Bhikhu (2006). Rethinking Multiculturalism Cultural Diversity and governmental Theory. Palgrave Macmillan. Second Edition.

The New Deal and Its Triumph Essay Example for Free

The untested bonk and Its Triumph EssayThe New do and its TriumphThe 1930s were a time of despair, poerty and distress and those who lived during this time believed it would be break down to die, than to continue to live this way. When Franklin D. Roosevelt came into saturnineice in 1932, the United States was in the most glowering mo custodyts of the Great Depression. However, he brought with him a promise, a promise to make things better through a series of reforms he was preparedness on implementing known as the New muss. In the commencement exercise oneness hundred days interest his inauguration as president, FDR, had already contrive into place a variety of programs, all with the goal to briskly improve the lives of those that had been most affected by the Great Depression and boost the economy.Through these programs FDR hoped to create jobs, discredit the amount of people living on the streets, and most of all, uplift the spirits of the American people which h ad taken the biggest hit of all. The New Deal was a success because even though umteen minorities were overlooked, the overall tribe was influenced in a significant positive manner through job creation and governmental back up despite having negative effects in other areas of the country.Although the New Deal was an overall success in the United States, a significant amount of the minorities, especially the African Americans and autochthonic Americans were neglected as inappropriate to the rest of the population. During the Great Depression, 50% of the African American citizens became unemployed, due to the fact that they were the first to be fired, and the persist to be hired. Furthermore, some of the programs put into place by the New Deal, by improving the lives of other Americans, would ravish and harm those of the African Americans. For example, as the excerpt from the Gilder Lehman Institute of American History online textbook , when the AAA was put into place between 1933-1934, more than 100,000 black workers who made their living as sharecroppers and tenant farmers were squeeze off the land (document B). When African Americans had a job, such as in the WPA, their working conditions would be incredibly vulgar and unmerciful.These men were forced to work under harsh circumstances and if they didnt they would losetheir job. A WPA headman in the S proscribedh being interviewed by a questioner from the Federal Writers brook claimed that, As a matter of fact they cannot be sick for more than five days in succession. If they are they are automatically dropped from the rolls (document H) demonstrating that these workers cannot afford to be sick if they want to be able to save their jobs. to boot, even though the Black Cabinet was formed during these years, no civil rights reforms became law during the 1930 since the New Deal had no intention of working towards the civil rights movement.Another minority that was significantly overlooked and even n egatively impacted was the Native Americans. As Document G mentions, Many Indian problems remain unresolved, but both one has been addressed. Sometimes, by addressing these problems, the government would actually hurt the Native Americans. For example, the Navajo Reduction Program forced hundreds of Indians to kill or sell thousands of their sheep and other forms of livestock therefore raising the tension between the Native Americans and the government. The New Deal, even though it helped and lessened the economic problems throughout the country, actually weakened the situation of many minorities such as the African Americans and the Native Americans.The overall population of the United States was significantly enhanced by a number of the programs put into place by FDR through the New Deal. Roosevelt made the purpose of these programs and what he intended to do with them clear through he Fire Side Chats. For example, in one of these many chats, he claims, that First, we are giving opportunity of employment to one-quarter of a million of the unemployed, especially the young men, to go into forestry and flood prevention work (document B) He planned to do this through programs he implemented a short time after such as the CCC and WPA, which gave jobs to young men all over the country, whether they were skilled or not. Slowly, the effect became clear not only in the amount of young men with jobs, but also in the overall attitudes of those in America, which had begun to lose hope. As George Dobbin, he declares that Its the first time in my recollection that a President ever got up and said, Im raise in and aim to do somethin for the workin man (Document C) Norman Thomas would have agreed with this whole heartedly since one of this mainobjectives was to try and support the industrial worker and to improve their conditions.The results of these programs being put into place were obvious, as unemployment statistics were brought to light. In only two years, the unemp loyment rate had gone down from 20.6 % to a 14.2% (document E). These percentages strongly supported the estimation that the New Deal programs were helping boost the countrys economy once more. Finally, many of these programs brought financial aid to other areas of living. For example, the WPA brought hot lunches to schoolchildren and would serve 500,000 meals a day (document D). This made it possible for many children, living in detrimental conditions, to eat at least one nutritional meal a day. Huey Long, a erstwhile(prenominal) governor of Louisiana, would have agreed with this hot-lunch program due to the fact that he believed in the re-distribution of wealth from the adequate to the poor, and in this case the money is being targeted to those of more humble background. Many programs put into place by FDR such as the CCC and the WPA significantly improved the way of life of hundreds of Americans.Eventually, even though the New Deal brought with it a lot of progress and improv ed life conditions, there were some areas of every day life it was not able to amend completely. One of these was the spirit of the American people. Songs such as No Depression in Heaven performed by the Carter Family showed the true feelings of those that were still struggling to survive. Lyrics such as out here the hearts of men are failing or no orphan children crying for bread, no weeping widows toil or struggle, no shrouds, no coffins, and no dead (document E) demonstrated how desperate and disconsolate many of the people are still and how they feel that it would be better to die, than to continue to live this way. another(prenominal) negative impacts of the New Deal on the United States was the continuous discrimination towards woman and the fact that they were remunerative lower wages by many of the programs put into place such as the WPA or the PWA. Additionally Alden Stevens mentions that, the New Deal Indian administration is neither as successful as its publicity says i t is, (document G) showing how improvements were not made in all areas of life in the United States. Furthermore, programs such as the TVA unmake the environment by flooding hundreds of acres of land in order to build dams and reservoirs. The New Deal did not bring with it only positive effects towards the country. It hadnegative connotations as well, those which could be observed in different, minor aspects of every day life.When FDR put into place the New Deal, he had three goals in mind. These were reform, retrieval and reconstruction. He pretended to do this through various programs he implemented right away, which included the CCC, the WPA, the SSA, and oft more. Slowly the effects of these programs began to be seen all over the country and the overall response was that yes, this program was working. masses stopped living on the streets and began working, those who had lost everything now had insurance, and unskilled workers were now learning skills they needed in order to get a job. Even though many minorities were overlooked, and not all aspects of life in America were improved, the general impact of the New Deal was a positive one. Therefore, the New Deal was a success, because through this Roosevelt was able to create jobs and provide governmental aid, despite having slight negative effects in other areas of the country.

Pressure Ulcers in the Hospital Essay Example for Free

drag Ulcers in the infirmary EssayIntroduction Pressure ulcerations remain a common wellness problem throughout the health c ar carcass. It has been conservatively estimated that annually 1 cardinal adults develop crush ulcers imputable to faulty nursing or cargonfulness man come alongment. The incidence rates motley greatly depending on the health c are sector. However, jam ulcer incidence rates for hospitals range from 0.4% to 38%, for skilled nursing facilities from 2.2% to 23.9%, and for home health agencies 0% to 17%. The development of compress ulcers occurs when there is able progressive or reoccurring pressure over conviction to case capillary destruction, which in the end results to interweave necrosis. The development of a pressure ulcer or failure to prevent much(prenominal) condition from progressing to a much severe stage can result in negative consequences for the health bid system (Fitzpatrick and Wallace, p.482). Nursing explore has remained at th e force-front in building knowledge-based related to pressure ulcer prevention. Pressure ulcers redeem become a quality issue for all areas of health care. The incidence and severity of the condition are used as markers of quality of care by agencies and acute care hospitals.This emphasis on pressure ulcers across the spectrum of health-care settings highlights the importance of the condition for clinicians (Sussman and Jensen, 2007 p.337). Pressure ulcer counsel can be based on clinical practice guidelines, which can be a source of enhancement for care plan development. The alive guidelines are broad based and general and, as such(prenominal), for a good basis for wound care when the goal is comfort as well as healing (Coyle and Ferrel, 2005 p. 320).Purpose of Research The purpose of the mull is to illustrate the physiological family relationship between wound healing and the occurrence of pressure ulcers in hospital work-settings in order to provide means to come-up with anot her research procedure. In this case, we render utilized assorted quality researches and validated supporting studies in order to illustrate probable connections.Critical analysis, comprehensive selective information integration, and interpretation of research outcomes are the founding methodologies applied in the course research. The value significance of this theatre of operations provides awareness to the public especially in terms of what can these contributing factors impregnate to the condition occurrence. The relationship of wound healing and the occurrence of pressure ulcers are necessary knowledge contribution in the sector of health care since, this is one of the major quality indicators in the clinical setting.Problem and Rationale Pressure ulcers or decubitus ulcerations are the result of mechanical injury to the skin and underlying winds. The primary(a) forces involved are pressure and shear, which is the perpendicular force or load exerted on a specific area do ischemia and hypotoxia of the tissues. High-pressure areas in the supine position are the occiput, sacrum, and heels. In the sitting position, the ischial tubersosities exert the highest pressure, and the trochanters are afflicted in the side-lying position (Beck 2005, p.205). As the amount of soft tissue available compression settles, the pressure gradient, consequently, extends, and vise versa. The occurrence of these pressure ulcers are greatly manifested on bony prominences where there is less tissue for compression and the pressure gradient within the vascular network is altered easily upon compression.The changes in the vascular network allow an increase in the interstitial politic pressure, which exceeds the venous flow. This results in an additional increase in the pressure and impedes arteriolar circulation. The capillary vessels collapse and thrombosis occurs. Increased capillary arteriole pressure leads to fluid loss through the capillaries hence, tissue edema, and sub sequent autolysis results. Lymphatic flow is decreased as well, allowing march on tissue edema that contributes to the occurrence of tissue necrosis (Sussman and Jensen, 2007 p.337). Unfortunately, there is substantial evidence to show that many an(prenominal) patient ofs develop their sores in hospital. Versluyen (1995) demonstrated that 66% of patients admitted with fractures involving hip developed pressure ulcers in hospital. This particular health check checkup condition occurs almost exclusively among the ripened and involves immobilization for at least 24 hours. Areas such as accident and emergency, X-ray department, and theatres are all implicated in the causation of pressure sores as trolleys in these areas have been shown to generate pressures (Walsh and Ford, 1999 p.71). Pressure ulcers are serious and frequent occurrence among the elderly, especially those who are firm and debilitated. There are estimated 1.5-3 million Americans affected. A pressure ulcer will deve lop in roughly 5% of patients admitted to acute care hospitals. Studies have shown that 60% of pressure ulcers develop in the hospital, 18% in the nursing home, and 18% at home. Pressure ulcers prolong the hospital stay, and the pre-operative mortality rate is increased to 27%. The prevalence of pressure ulcers in the long-term care setting is reported to be 15-25% at the time of admission (Moylan, 2003 p.55).Obstacles and SolutionsThe problem of pressure development is a natural consequence of faulty health care management, poor health care quality, and negligence. Such condition is now associated, especially those with drawn-out pressures, with contractures and/or snip forces that frequently occur during transfers. Without diligent behavior modification related to skin inspection, and unless intervention strategies are occupied to abort the process of skin breakdown, there will always be an open invitation to local, systemic, and generalized transmitting caused by pressure ul cerations (Whiteneck, 1993 p.231).Various proposed discourses in enhancing wound healing of pressure ulcerations are expensive and to be considered rarified hence, the treatment means may still be unrealistic.In this case, another research to enhance pressure ulceration healing is through the use of remediation production line mattresses. According to the research of Sincl ambience and the group (2004), the manipulation of air mattresses can further enhance the conditions of wound healing among pressure ulceration incidents. The proposed argument of the research involves the effectiveness of traditional turning and positioning protocols, which is evidently predominant in the nursing setting, and the therapeutic air mattresses.The study has covered elderly patients not less that 75 more than 75 years of age and in a condition of long-care term facility. Upon the cash advance of the overall research process, the results obtained do suggest that therapeutic mattresses are effec tive in preventing and healing ulcers. However, considering surface characteristics between delivers utilized are still on the process of determining. Therefore, the clinically accepted practice of underside turning and repositioning still needs to be adhered until further research proves such intervention absolutely effective or otherwise (Sinclair, 2004). However, further researches may be suggested especially in air mattresses effectiveness in providing healing enhancements as well as pressure ulcer prevention. Such procedure is more practical and publicly realistic than the other proposed treatment measures. Research in antimicrobial application for the benefit of pressure ulcers should be well researched again considering the total of subjects involved in the research. The implication of such methodologies in accordance to wound healing involves the utilization of bed mattresses as the most economic and nursing-care enhancing procedure for clinical setting.If such procedure is proven effective, nursing efforts of bed turning and repositioning shall be reduced significantly. If such procedure is proven effective, treatment measures on such condition can be enhanced in terms of cost-effectiveness and practicality. In general view, pressure ulcer occurrence in a particular clinical setting connotes decreased quality of care management since, pressure ulcers are prevented acceptably through bed turning and repositioning hence, such methods are congenital. legal community of pressure sores in the hospital is a complicated process involving the assessment of complicated factors and accordingly the good word of interventional strategies. The traditional idea that the nurse alone should be responsible for the prevention of pressure ulcers is therefore uneffective (Coyle and Ferrel, 2005 p. 320 Webster, 1991p.53).A team of nursing and checkup checkup staff responsible for this task can produce more effective outcomes in terms of preventing such pressure so re occurrences. Nevertheless, the nurse remains the most essential part of such a team and acts as the main source of information about patient condition (Webster, 1991p.53).Executive Summary and ConclusionsThe problem of the study is essentially the occurrence of pressure ulcers among hospital setting, which on the irony, should not even occur due to the presence of clinical managers. The condition of pressure ulcer is basically caused by prolonged stationary immobility conditions of the patient, such as those with paralyzed conditions, unconscious, in coma, and basically immobile.With prolonged immobility, the parts of the body exposed to pressure, such as bony prominences (e.g. trochanters, hip area, scapular region, etc.) are the usual site for its occurrence. The etiological character of the pressure acts in two ways in order to spend a penny the condition (1) Obstruction of vascularization, which further impedes oxygenation of the area causing tissue necrosis, and (2) preve nts healing process of the area.Pressure ulcerations have been a major health care problem as well as the indicators of adequate and fitting delivery management of care. In such case, it is therefore necessary to maintain strict, adequate and the best practicable appropriate intervention against the occurrence of pressure ulcerations. In the light or research developments progressing in the medical field, various wound enhancing treatments have been proposed in order to enhance the means of curing pressure ulcers.infirmary setting accounts as the highest place of occurrence of pressure ulcerations with percentage rates of 60% as of 2002 survey. The primary age group involved is the elderly individuals who are usually prone to immobilizing conditions, such as (CVA) Cerebrovascular Accident, cardiac problems, etc. With the impaired capacity of the patient to move, pressure accumulates in those sites afflicted hence, induce the condition of ulcerations or sore-formation.There are tw o basic rationales that cause the condition of pressure ulcers for the elderly (1) aging conditions that impairs the skin integrity of the aged patients, which further predispose them from the conditions of pressure ulcers, and (2) degenerative conditions that cause their immobility.The obstacles of such condition occurrence involve the faulty care delivered by the health care managers (nurses and medical physicians). Hospital management is the prime essential intervener of the condition. In fact, clinical settings view that such condition depicts the status of health care system in the hospital. The justifications of such perspectives are based on the logic that nursing and medical interventions involved in this condition are the most basic procedure of health care field. The inadequacy of proving such care protocol is mainly the responsibility of the health care team.As with the standard protocol of bed turning and positioning, the patient obtains reduction of risks in terms of p ressure ulcerations. However, nurses are not the exactly one involved in the care management of such condition but also the medical care team, although nurses are the primary managers of care delivery for this condition.With the advent of nursing research and enhanced interventions, air mattresses has been deemed to reduce the risks of bed sore formations. As the conducted study proposes, air mattresses reduces the pressure thus aiding in the part oxygenation of the area exposed to pressure.Such action helps prevent and even slows down the progression of pressure ulcerations. However, due to the small population size of the research, further study has been advised. If the study is proven effective, this may provide decrease work load from the health care practitioners and also helps prevent or reduce the risk of progression of the condition.ReferencesBeck, J. C., Ferrell, B. (2005). Geriatrics Review Syllabus. Blackwell Publishing.Coyle, N., Ferrell, B. (2005). Textbook of Palli ative Nursing. Oxford University Press Publishings.Fitzpatrick, J. J., Wallace, M. (2006). Encyclopedia of Nursing Research. Springer Publishing Publisher.Moylan, K. (2003). The uppercase Manual Geriatrics Subspecialty Consult. Lippincott Williams Wilkins.Rai, G. S., Mulley, G. P. (2002). Elderly Medicine A Training Guide. Informa Health allot.Sinclair etal, H. J. (2004, February). Do Therapeutic Mattresses deepen the Healing of Pressure Ulcers in the Frail Elderly Population?. American Journal of Nursing, 62, 243-2451.Sussman, C., Jensen, B. (2007). Wound Care A Collaborative Practice Manual. Lippincott Williams Wilkins.Walsh, M., Ford, P. (1999). Nursing Rituals, Research and Rational Actions. Elsevier Health Sciences.Webster, J. G. (1991). Prevention of Pressure Sores. CRC Press.Whiteneck, G. G. (1993). develop With Spinal Cord Injury. Demos Medical Publishing.

New Product Launch Marketing Plan Essay Example for Free

New Product Launch commercialiseing Plan EssayA merchandise syllabus notify be defined as a written document that summarizes what the grocery storeer has learned about the food marketplace and indicates how a firm expects to reach its market objectives. It contains tactical guidelines for the commercialization programs and financial allocations everyplace the imagening period (Kotler et al., 2012). This document place be considered one of the most important outputs from the trade process as it decl are oneselfs direction and focus for a brand, product, or attach to (Kotler et al., 2012). Typically, the market plan takes the pastime elements exe loveive summary, situational analysis, market dodge, financial projections, and implementation conditions. Executive summaryFounded in 2014, opulence-Pedic is a start-up manufacturer of luxury mattresses offer a product line that is focused on creating a lull the senses into a deep, relaxing, and peaceful nights sleep . With separate agonistical offerings like Tempur-Pedic, I relaxation, and Sealy Optimum, the Luxury-Pedic product line go a personal manner focus heavily on existence dissimilar. By providing a eccentric product at competitive monetary value levels, excellent warranty, and service experience, Luxury-Pedic will back out. Luxury-Pedic will trulyize vital market penetration by utilizing a market challenger strategy and attacking the market leader on the basis of competitive pricing. Additionally, Luxury-Pedic will thrive root wordd on the following operating principles hiring a top-notch management team with extensive labor experience a self-colored parentage model and long-run planning and careful evaluation and response to competitive opportunities.Situational analysisLuxury-Pedic is ledger entry into its first year of operation. Thusfar, its products have been wellhead ac acquaintanced with the intention of further and rapider expansion to get hold based on the ma rketing efforts soon to be implemented. Luxury-Pedic offers reposition sparkle mattresses in three varieties of firmness and a several varieties of types of memory foam.Market SummaryLuxury-Pedic understands the existing market and has done extensive explore to understand the common attri simplyes of the tooshie market. This research will be used better to understand the consumers, their submit, and how to glide by best with the market. According to Business Journal for the Sleep Products Industry (2015), the target market for the mattress exertion includes the followingMattress InvolvedSleep SufferersHealthy and ContentBrand SelectorsApatheticsThere is no set geographic target area for mattress sales. By utilizing in-store sales, Internet sales and abandony services, Luxury-Pedic intends to come both domestic and International nodes. The market can also be narrowed take to the adult demographic, ages 18 and up. Behavioral factors will include the working class, the sle ep deprived or fatigued population looking for a good nights rest.Market Growth PotentialThe mattress industry is a steadily growing, altering, and evolving. As the mattress industry has changed, the consumer demographics have changed as well. deflower Boomers no longer are wanting to deal with horrible sleep conditions as it saved currency in exchange for a better nights sleep that allows consumers to be more energized and feel younger. This changing of consumer wants to consumer needs has en fittingd the mattress industry to be recognise more prosperous than ever. There is an unlimited market harvest-feast potential as consumers are becoming more educated on the benefits of a better nights sleep as well as more educated on the advantages and disadvantages of the different types of mattress products. According to Wise (2012), The mattress trade group lately revised its estimate and expects the jimmy of mattress shipments to rise 10.5 percent and the number of units to grow 6.5p ercent (p. 3). This attachd consumer knowledge base has changed the mattress market potential from being a small market with potential immediate rewards into a market where long-term growth and increase opportunity has become to the severalize to market success.Competitive abbreviationThe Luxury-Pedic century% memory foam mattress line will move into a highly competitive space. right(prenominal) of the 100% memory foam mattress line, in that respect is the independent wrapped pocketed spin around line and the interlocking coil or traditional coil lines of a mattress. These lines are build and designed by mattress companies that have been interchange mattresses for 65 to 140 years by brands such as Sterns Foster, Simmons, Sealy, and Hampton Rhodes just to start. When it comes to the 100% memory foam mattresses, Sealy, Tempur-Pedic, Hampton Rhodes, Serta are the most popular companies today. All four of these businesses produce memory foam mattresses that range in impairm ent from $698 to $9,000 for a queen set. The none memory foam mattresses range from $198 to $4,800 for a queen mattress set. adversary Product Price SummaryWhen it comes to the costs of the 100% mattress foam lines, Luxury-Pedic is un equal to compete with the damages of Hampton Rhodes and the introductory lines from both Sealy and Serta. The quality differences between the Luxury-Pedic mattress lines and the lower end lines of Sealy, Serta, Hampton Rhodes are the differences between night and day. For their price point, none of their mattresses are 100% memory foam. They contain mostly low-grade heat conductive standard foam that sleep warming by giving back all of the heat put into the mattresses. Additionally, they do not have right edge take for or prevent body impressions.When it comes to the higher priced 100% memory foam mattresses from the other competitive brands, Luxury-Pedic mattresses will stand out due to same high quality of material, temperature regulation, c omfort, and edge support at a price point that undercuts all other competing mattresses. Tempur-Pedic mattresses are the only mattresses in the intact industry that are price locked at a that is almost double of what any other memory foam mattress costs. Tempur-Pedic owns SealyTempur-Pedic, and so the focus of the Sealy100% memory foam mattress line is to be only cardinal steps supra the Serta memory foam line. Out of all of the memory foam mattress lines, the Serta collection is the clear up at temperature regulation and has no pillow top product offering. Sealy is better at temperature regulation provided is the softest of all memory foam mattresses. The prices of these two lines are very similar. They range from $1,299 to $2,499.Segmentation, Target Market, StrategyThe Luxury-Pedic mattress lines will focus on three different areas of the consumer market. The first will be focused on consumer medical checkup needs. The medical benefits of the Luxury-Pedic mattress lines ran ge from increased circulation, increased recovery times, decreased aches, pains, and soreness, and an increase in an overall comfort allowing for a better nights sleep. The second area will focus on consumer comfort. The Luxury-Pedic line will come in 3 different comforts from firm, munificent, and pillow top allowing a customer to be able to identify the mattress that best suits their comfort needs.The third and final focus will be on consumer value as the Luxury-Pedic line will be more cost effective than Tempur-Pedic but will provide all of the same advantages and benefits of Tempur-Pedic. According to Perry (2010), The mattress industry mustiness administer dreams if it wants to elevate its image, boost its sale price and give consumers a better shopping experience (p. 34). With the implementation of using these three different market strategies focusing on consumer segmentation and target marketing, Luxury-Pedic will be able to establish a secureness in the 100% memory foam market.PricingThe Luxury-Pedic line will consist of three different mattresses firmness levels. There will be a firm, plush, and pillow top. When it comes a firm mattress, Tempur-Pedic queen price set is at $4,199, Serta is at $1,699, and Sealy has not actual firm 100% memory foam mattress. The price for a Luxury-Pedic firm mattress will be $1,899 as the Serta mattress has poor temperature regulation and it out prices the Tempur-Pedic significantly. When it comes to a plush mattress, Sealy is priced at $1,799, Serta $1,999, and Tempur-Pedic at $3,499. The Luxury-Pedic mattress will be priced at $2,099. The focus is to build value in the creation of adding more materialincreases the size of the mattress allowing which causes an increase in the cost of the mattress. There is not a real pillow top in any of the Tempur-Pedic, Serta, or Sealy mattress lines, making Luxury-Pedic a true one of a kind, but in soft equivalences Sealy is priced at $2,099, Serta $2,199, and Tempur-Pedic at $ 4,999. The Luxury-Pedic pillow top will be priced at $2,299. The point is to no be cheaper than a low-end mattress, but to be at a lower price than Tempur-Pedic. We will be at a higher price than Sealy and Serta with the benefit of much better quality. dispersal StrategiesThe distribution strategy for Luxury-Pedic will be following Indirect distribution. Luxury-Pedic Mattresses will initially be built and assembled in two factories in New Mexico and Kentucky to allow for easy mass distribution to wholesalers and mattress retailers. As Luxury-Pedics increase in the success, additional factories will be built to shorten delivery times in modulate to allow for an increase in mattress sales. The objective of the distribution strategy is to be able to get reinvigorated mattresses to wholesalers and retailers in less than 72 hours after ordering. Developing clear objectives is vital to a successful marketing plan. There are numerous natural elements to consider when creating effective marketing objective. Its important that the objectives are specific, measurable, achievable, vivid and time-specific or SMART for short.The SMART approach let you how to manage your marketing activities successfully. Luxury Pedic is always evolving. The mattress industry is continuously growing. Key accomplishments indicators are an important part of information used to describe how companies such as Luxury Pedic will progress towards its marketing goal within the next three years. Retailing at competitive rates of $1899-2500 depending on the mattress surgical operation level, Luxury Pedic is priced to achieve increased profit revenue continuously. The key performance indicators are based on legitimate data and business objectives, and they are not always financial but they are necessary for directing management to their full potential. Some other essential performances include new-fangled and existing customers status, customer segmentation by profitability or demographics, cu stomer referrals, advertisement, and testimonies.requirement forecastingDemand forecasting and estimation gives businesses valuable information about the markets in which they operate and the markets they plan to pursue. The purpose of acquire forecasting and estimation is to find a businesss potential consume so managers can make accurate decisions about pricing, business growth and market potential. Managers base pricing on demand trends in the market. Demand forecasting and estimation is critical for inventory management. Businesses buy inventory based upon demand forecasts. Demand forecasting and estimation methods are typically accurate for short-term business planning. Estimating demand for the long-term is difficult because there are many unforeseen factors that influence demand over time.The expansion of the global mattress industry is forecast to reach 3.7% p.a. in the coming years. Between 2007 and 2013 the market increased with an average yearly growth of 4.9%. Current ly, cellular plastic and rubber mattresses account for 40.9% of the global demand while the remaining market share is divided between other mattresses (41.8%), and mattress supports (17.3%). China, France, Germany, Japan and the United States represent the largest mattress markets while the strongest annual growth is forecast to occur in Tanzania (24.1%), Ethiopia (15.4%), Philippines (15.0%), Rwanda (14.8%) and Bolivia (13.3%).Marketing ObjectivesDeveloping clear objectives is vital to a successful marketing plan. There are numerous essential elements to consider when creating effective marketing objective. Its important that the objectives are specific, measurable, achievable, hardheaded and time-specific or SMART for short. The SMART approach let you how to manage your marketing activities successfully. Luxury Pedic is always evolving, the mattress industry is continuously growing, and key performances indicators is an important part of information used to describe how companies such as Luxury Pedic will progress towards its marketing goal within the next three years.Retailing at competitive rates of $1899-2500 depending on the mattress performance level, Luxury Pedic is priced to achieve increased profit revenue continuously. The key performance indicators are based on legitimate data and business objectives they are not always financial, but they are necessary for directing management to their full potential. Some other key performances include new and existing customers status, customersegmentation by profitability or demographics, customer referrals, advertisement, and testimonies.Implementation MilestonesAs a new company, setting milestones in a marketing plan allows your company to track the progress of company goals allowing the business to determine if it can reach the task by a particular date and if there is enough data to move to the next activity. Luxury Pedic will identify their tasks, the start date, and the scheduled extremity date, each ev ent will continue until every task is finished. Creating a milestone table for your business sets the plan in concrete terms with real budgets and deadlines. Luxury pedic started by identifying each milestone, assigning a due date, allocating a budget, and designating a responsible person or group for each task, this is how a plan is implemented.Control MetricsIt is important to set the rules of engagement within Luxury-Pedic. In order to measure success, we must be able to have a way to create company goals and establish the way to function what needs to be done in order to achieve the objectives set forth. We must be able to have a rule to measure current success, as well. We must be able to deliver efficiently on four types of marketing control. Those types are Annual Plan Control, Profitability Control, Efficiency Control, and strategic Control. Annual Plan Control provides us with the ability to see if the results the company is looking for are being reached. Profitability Con trol shows us where we are making money and, even, where we are losing money. If it is found that money is being lost, we can adjust what is being done to produce a positive gain in revenue.Depending on the money that is lost, the product or idea will go directly to the end of life make pass to save cost in that area. Efficiency control gives us the opportunity to see how our marketing dollars are being spent in relation to the impact that our marketing strategy is having on our consumer base. Strategic control will give us a roadmap letting us know if the company is going down the right path in product offerings and how we are going about to make these offers available to the public. With the straitlaced control measures put in place, we can see a complete picture of how the company is doing at any particular time.We will be able to identify problem areas quickly and create misfortune plans when needed adequately to addressany needs or areas of concern. Its falls on management t o gratuity the company in the right direction. Creating a culture of success is vital. Frontline employees must be on plank with the direction the company is moving. If it is determined that there are issue in that area by way in bad performance results, for example, it is up to management to find the right path to correct those performance issues. All parts of the business must work well together in order to serve our consumer base actually.Contingency PlanningMarketers must be ready to update and adapt marketing plans at any time (Kotler Keller, 2011, p. 55). There are many variables that can affect daily, monthly, and quarterly numbers in terms of production and revenue. We must be ready to address any and all areas of concerns promptly. The introduction of a new mattress company can affect the way we market and advertize to our consumer base. Competition in a marketplace can have several adverse effects. One thing we must be nimble to adapt to is the effect challenger can h ave on pricing and promotions. Too much competition can drive prices down which mean Luxury-Pedic must change to be successful. We may need to lay in more cost friendly products that can deliver the same quality and comfort to cut cost, but will allow us to still deliver on our promise to our customer base with more affordable pricing.Major geological events can have an immediate impact on demand of our products. Floods, tornados, and hurricanes can create mass devastation that can leave our consumer base in need to rebuild. Adjustments in our offerings and promotion to assist in helping rebuild our community will increase our overall customer satisfaction. Community service events and product donations would be a way for us to stand out above the rest of our competition to show that we care about our customers and our community. During such a period, the company could see a short term dip in revenue. With the establishment of community service projects in the time of need, we can predict that we will reap positive long term success from that. Luxury-Pedic must be pliable in our approach and delivery of our products to our customer in order to achieve high success.In conclusion, a successful firm starts with a marketing plan within its first fiscal year. A marketing plan is a highly detailed and written document that summarizes howa firm plans to reach its marketing objectives. Luxury-Pedic has outlined its marketing plans and detailed tasks to reach these elements, executive summary, situational analysis, marketing strategy, financial projections, and implementation controls will be discussed among other elements. This paper has defined the following objectives that Luxury-Pedic will implement to achieve this successful marketing plan.ReferencesBedTimes. (2012). interrogation Finds 5 Key Mattress Consumer Segments. Retrieved from http//bedtimesmagazine.com/2009/01/research-finds-5-key-mattress-consumer-segments/ Kotler, P., Keller, K. L. (2011). Marketing Management (14th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ Pearson Prentice Hall. Perry, D. (2010). Mattress industry should sell dreams. Furniture Today, 34(37), 33. Retrieved from http//search.proquest.com.contentproxy.phoenix.edu/docview/346182942?pq-origsite=summonhttp//search.proquest.com?accountid=35812 Wise, W. L. (2012). Going to the mattress. The Post and Courier Retrieved from http//search.proquest.com.contentproxy.phoenix.edu/docview/1115405056?pq-origsite=summonaccountid=35812

The Sutras, Samkhya Philosophy

The Sutras, Samkhya PhilosophyThe Sutras be built on a foundation of Samkhya philosophy. The division into the octet Limbs (Sanskrit Ashtanga) of Yoga is reminiscent of Buddhas Noble Eightfold Path inclusion of Brahmaviharas (Yoga Sutra 133) also shows Buddhisms influence on split of the Sutras.In the Yoga Sutras, Patanjali prescribes adherence to eight limbs or steps (the sum of which constitute Ashtanga Yoga, the title of the second chapter) to quietly cardinals point and achieve kaivalya. The Yoga Sutras form the theoretical and philosophical basis of Raja Yoga, and argon considered to be the intimately organized and complete definition of that discipline.Yoga Sutras of Patanjali is a book of 195/6 separate phrases that argon designed to be easy to memorize. Because it is a work that is ein truth bit as untold a part of red-brick yoga as it was a part of the give up of yoga, this particular book is held in very high abide by in the yoga world.Philosophical BackgroundT here atomic number 18 several philosophical concepts, which were pondered over by mixed schools of thought around 600 B.C. to 400 A.D. in eastern region of the world. The school of Samkhya is peerless of those philosophical systems.Samkhya, tag the shifting of idea from Vedic monism to the concept of doubleism as the primary cause of the universe.In Samkhya philosophy it distinguishing in the midst of egotism (Spirit/Consciousness Purusha) and Matter/Nature (Prakrti) is of central importance to Samkhya Philosophy. Samkhya Philosophy elaborates a fundamental dualism amongst much(prenominal) aw be Selves and all the phenomena that is presented to such(prenominal)(prenominal) Selves by Matter/Nature. Such phenomena of Matter/Nature includes reflections of the intellect, the ability that makes things individualal (the I-Maker/Ahamkara), the instinctual learning ability (manas), the capacities to perceive experience data, the capacities to act, the principles of the elements of sense perception, and the gross elements. These arise when Prakriti is in the presence of a Purusha, and they become enmeshed and entangled when at that place is mis-identification betwixt Prakriti and Purusha. False confusion between the Self and what is non the Self is considered the fundamental ignorance that perpetuates manacles in this world. Liberation is sought by becoming aw are of such distinctions on a very plenteous level of soulfulnessal knowledge, so that one whitethorn in destruction use the great faculty of the header intellectual reflection (Buddhi/Mahat) without mistakenly identifying it with the Purusha, and then the effects of such entanglement will unravel and one will no longer be bound by incarnations or conf utilize by PrakritiIn Samkhya philosophy a guna is one of Prakritis troika godencies tamas, sattva, and rajas. Guna is the tendency of the caput and non the differentiate. For instance, sattva guna is that durability which tends to brin g the musical theme to purity but is not purity itself. Similarly rajas guna is that force which tends to bring the mind to perform some action but is not action itself.Sattva (originally world, existence, entity) has been translated to mean balance, order, or purity. This typically implies that a person with much of Sattva has a positive or plane orderly give in of mind. Such a person is psychologically kind, calm, alert and thoughtful.Rajas inclines one to activity. This type of activity is explained by the bound Yogakshem. Yogakshem is composed of two words Yoga and Kshem. Yoga in the present context is acquiring something that one does not have. Kshem mode losing something that one already has. Rajas is the force that creates desires for acquiring new things and fears for losing something that one has. These desires and fears lead one to activity.Tamas has been translated to mean in handle manner inactive, negative, lethargic, dull, or slow. It is the quality of inerti a which provides coherence for all things. Mentally, it is associated with darkness, delusion, or ignorance. A tamas quality also quite a little imply that a person has a self-destructive or entropic state of mind. That person is constantly engage destructive activities.Vedanta maintains that Brahman is the lonesome(prenominal) Immaterial Sentient Existence and being non-material and bare(a), It has to be all pervading and the solitary(prenominal) One Reality.Before everything there exists Reality as Absolute Consciousness. The Will to become many is the ascendent of manifest universe. The Will evolves as Illusion the Maya. Absolute Consciousness, Brahman, willed to become many, this is Maya. Maya is the cosmic illusion that creates ignorance and veils the vision of the unless Reality. Due to the power of Maya, the Same Oneness is perceived as manifold universe. Absolute Consciousness was never modified, is not modified, and will not be modified. This is the basis of Advaita Vedanta. Based on their pay backs the seers or rishis of ancient ages came to the conclusion that the entire manifest universe is the illusory expression of One Substance -the Absolute Universal Consciousness. Samkhya with its dual philosophy is said to be the foundation of The Yogasutras and Purusa and Prakriti are a fundamental part of the text.The origin of the Yoga Sutras of Patanjali is the take of some debate among both historians and practitioners. For instance, there are some people who credit the writing of this fix up of sutras to a grammarian named Patanjali. Later, though, a eraline was constructed that showed that to be unlikely. Within the yoga community, though, many say that Patanjali was actually just a compiler and that before the work was written, the Sutras were simply memorized and passed down between teacher and student. Timelines do, though, suggest this text was constructed in about the second century B.C.An objective study might wholesome suggest that Patanjali lived indoors heretofore a more tight range of 200 BC to 200 AD (or around the time of Jesus), than some common suppositions (as if he were the 2nd century BCE grammarian by the said(prenominal) name) or purge the second or third centuries CE based on the dates of the set-back extant commentary (by Vyasa).ATHA YOGANUSASANAMAtha = now, Yoga = Of Yoga, Anusasanam = exposition or instruction.Now the exposition of Yoga is being made.(Patanjali Ch-1, Vs-1)The name of this text is named using Sanskrit words yoga, is a expectation wherein you are capable to gain mastery of witnessings and thoughts alike. Sutra literally means thread. This thread is basically the connection between the sutras in the work. These Sutras are just combinations of words threaded together sometimes not even well formed sentences with subjects, predicates and so on. Within the space of these 196 short Sutras, the entire science of Yoga is clearly delineated its aim, the needed usages, the obsta cles one may meet along the path, their removal, and precise descriptions of the solvents that will be obtained from such designs. (Sri Swami Satchidananda The Yoga Sutras of Patanjali Ch-1, Pg-1).(b) Give a brief summary of the four chaptersThe sutras in the text are divided into four books (chapters). Fifty one of the sutras are contained in the book called Samadhi Pada, fifty five of them are in Sadhana Pada, fifty six are also in Vibhuti Pada, and thirty four of the sutras bunghole be found in Kaivalya Pada.Yoga Sutras Chapter 1 assiduousness Samadhi PadaThe book Samadhi Pada contains sutras that are virtually considered fundamental to yoga. It emphasizes that yoga is about discipline and that it is the ability to master your feelings and thoughts. Many of the intimately famous yoga sutras come from this particular book parsimoniousness Chapter 1 of the Yoga Sutras is entitled Samadhi Pada, which means the chapter on concentration. Chapter 1 get outs yoga, witnessing f ive kinds of thoughts, uncoloring thoughts, the twin principles of practice and non-attachment, the stages of concentration, efforts and commitments, obstacles and solutions, and means and results of stabilizing the mind..Yoga Sutras Chapter 2 Practice Sadhana PadaIn the Sadhana Pada, there is much about practice since the Sanskrit word sadhana actually does mean practice. This chapter is where Kriya Yoga and the eight limbs of yoga first appear. These aspects reflect the idea that yoga is both selfless and spiritual.Practices Chapter 2 of the Yoga Sutras is entitled Sadhana Pada, which means the chapter on practices. Chapter 2 outlines specific tools of concern that are employ to systematically carve out, or cut away the obstacles of the inner mental shield that is blocking the shine of the Self within. This includes the first 5 of the 8 rungs of yoga, known as ashtanga yoga.Yoga in the form of action (kriya yoga) has triplet parts1) Training and purifying the senses (tapas),2 ) Self-study in the context of teachings (svadhyaya),3) Devotion and letting go into the creative solution from which we emerged (iswara pranidhana).(tapah svadhyaya ishvara-pranidhana kriya-yogah)Tapah = literally heat accepting the purifying aspects of painful experience, purifying action, training the sensesSvadhyaya = lit ones own or self-study in the context of teachings, remembrance of sacred word or mantraIswara = creative source, causal field, supreme Guru or teacher. Omniscient exclusively not Omni gageentpranidhana = practicing the presence, dedication, devotion, fall by the wayside of fruits of practice, or contemplation.Kriya-yogah = yoga of practice, action, mental purificationKriya Yoga When thinking about life and spiritual practices, it is easy then to remind yourself of this foundation by internally saying such words as, I need to train my senses, explore within, and let go of these attachments and aversions. Contained in a simple sentence like this is the outline of Kriya Yoga (that simple sentence contains tapas, svadhyaya, and ishvara pranidhana).Iswara pranidhana The emphasis of iswara pranidhana practice is the release or surrender that is done in a sincere, dedicated, or devotional attitude. It is easy to get caught up in debates over the nature of God, Guru, creative source, and teacher. Yoga is very broad and non-sectarian, leaving it open to each individual how to perceive these realities. The more important part is that of letting go rather than holding on to the images and desires of the senses (tapas) and the personal characteristics and makeup show through with(predicate) introspection (svadhyaya).Iswara In the Upanishads, the word wara is use to denote a state of collective consciousness. Thus, The passkey is not a being that sits on a high pedestal beyond the sun, moon, and stars Iswara is actually the state of Ultimate Reality. But due to the lack of direct experience, The God has been personified and given(p) various na mes and forms by religions throughout the ages. When one expands ones individual consciousness to the Universal Consciousness, it is called Self-realization, for the individual self has realized the unity of diversity, the very underlying principle, or Universal Self, beneath all forms and names. This is the fundamental difference between monism and dualism, one is essentially theistic and the other is not.Yoga Sutras Chapter 3 Progressing Vibhuti PadaThe Vibhuti Pada can be translated power. The roles of the sutras in this particular book are to describe and help the yogi to achieve full awareness through yoga. It is essentially about attaining higher levels of awareness of ones self.Progressing Chapter 3 of the Yoga Sutras is entitled Vibhuti Pada, which means the chapter on progressing. Chapter 3 starts by presenting the get going 3 of the 8 rungs of yoga, which are concentration, meditation, and samadhi, conjointly known as samyama. The rest of the chapter explains how samyam a is used as the finer tool to remove the subtler veils of ignorance.The last three rungs of Yoga Dharana (concentration), dhyana (meditation), and samadhi are the final three rungs of Yoga.Dharana Concentration is the process of holding or fixing the attention of mind onto one object or place.Dhyana conjecture is free burning concentration, whereby the attention continues to hold or repeat the like object or place.Samadhi Samadhi is the deep absorption, wherein only the essence of that object, place, or point shines forth in the mind, as if the mind were liberal even of its own form.Stages of attention It is attention itself, which is progressively sorrowful inward through these few stages Attention leads to concentration (dharana).Concentration leads to meditation (dhyana).Meditation leads to absorption (samadhi).Yoga Sutras Chapter 4 Liberation Kaivalya Pada significance of Kaivalya The fourth chapter of the Yoga Sutras is entitled Kaivalya Pada. The word Kaivalya literally translates as isolation. It is usually taken to mean liberation or enlightenment. However, the way in which isolation is a quite effective term is that double-dyed(a) consciousness or purusha is now standing alone, separate from all of the manifestations of prakriti, including literally all of the manifestations or swirlings of all levels of the mind field. In Sutra 1.16 supreme non-attachment is mentioned as a stage beyond the many other levels of attachment. Sutra 4.32 explains how the primary elements called gunas have finish their purpose and recede in perfect equilibrium into that from which they arose. These are aspects or byproducts of the process of the isolation (kaivalya) of pure consciousness (purusha). Purusa is literally unloosend from its attachment to Prakriti.The purpose of the whole of creation is to give us a context for understanding what we are and what we are not. When we understand that, then there is kaivalya, and prakrti has fulfilled its purpose. A person who experiences kaivalya sees prakrti, the material world, simply as it is, with no meaning beyond that.Kaivalya describes the effect on the personality of being in a continuous state of samadhi. This is the state of inner muster outdom that yoga strives for. A person in the state of kaivalya understands the world so well that he stands apart from it in the sense that he is not influenced by it, although he may well be in a position to influence the world. passel in kaivalya behave like normal people, but they do not carry the burden of the world on their shoulders. They live in the world, but they are not subject to it. They are not free from sensual perception or free of the automobile trunk, they have a foot in both worlds. wheresoever they happen to be, they are sure of themselves. That is kaivalya. External forces have no power over a person like this, though he knows the external world very well.(c) Choose two of the following topicsyogic concept of the mindThe KleshasKriy a YogaSignificance of IswaraThe SiddhisThe Yogic concept of the mindYOGAS CITTA VRTTI NIRODHAHYogas = Yoga, Chitta = of the mind gormandise, Vritti = modifications, Nirodhah = restraint.The restraint of the modifications of the mind stuff is Yoga(Patanjali Ch-1, Vs-2)In this Sutra Patanjali gives the goal of Yoga. For a keen student this one Sutra would be enough because the rest of them only explain this one. If the restraint of the mental modifications is achieved one has reached the goal of Yoga. The entire science of Yoga is based on this. Patanjali has given the definition of Yoga and at the same time the practice. If you can control the rising of the mind into ripples, you will experience Yoga (Sri Swami Satchidananda The Yoga Sutras of Patanjali Ch-1, Pg-3,4).Normally, the word Yoga is translated as union, but for a union there should be two things to fall in. In this case, what is to unite with what? So here we take Yoga to mean the Yogic experience. The extraordinary ex perience gained by controlling the modifications of the mind itself is called Yoga (Sri Swami Satchidananda The Yoga Sutras of Patanjali Ch-1, Pg-4).There is a Sanskrit saying Mana eva manushyanam karanam bandha mokshayoho. As the mind, so the man bondage or liberation are in your mind. If you feel bound, you are bound. If you feel liberated you are liberated. Things outside neither bind nor liberate you only your attitude toward them does that.These vrittis, or mental activities/modifications, are said to be either painful, or not painful. They are five-fold -PRAMANA VIPARYAYA VIKALPA NIDRA SMRTAYAHPramana = right knowledge Viparyaya = misconception, Vikalpa = verbal delusions, Nidra = sopor, Smritayah = shopThe are right knowledge, misconception, verbal delusion, sleep and memory(Patanjali Ch-I, Vs-6 )Patanjali explains that right-knowledge can be acquired by direct perception, inference, or testimony. In other words, one can bed sheet the ocean personally and bring back dire ct knowledge, or one can hear of the travels undertaken by another navy man explorer, or one can read the book written by the sailor on his return. Even right-knowledge is however limited as the original sailor soundless cannot know everything there is to know about the ocean he is exploring.Wrong-knowledge is likened to the delusion we experience when we see something and believe it to be something else, such as a snake in the dark which proves to be nobody but a cockroach when seen in daylight.Imagination is perception which is coloured by fanciful thoughts or dreams. The dreaming phase of sleep known as the REM phase is littered with random thought patterns, but even the deep-sleep stage, which leaves no conscious trace in the mind, is actually a stage of thought. The sleeper knows nothing, but knows that he knew nothing on waking. All extraneous thought is temporarily suspended and only the thought of emptiness perch to leave an impression on waking.Memory is the process o f remembering past experience. Each memory is first processed to make it palatable, and then filed for future reference, leaving an impression in the mind. These impressions can either lie on the surface of the mind and be recalled at will, or sink to the bottom where they take root.Patanjali describes the lively mind as outgoing (paranga cetana) and the quiet inward-turned mind as (pratyak cetana) I.29. When the mind focuses on external influences the Self appears to assume the forms and images projected by the mind. When the vritti activities are quietened through sensory withdrawal, concentration, and meditation, man is said to rest in his trustworthy nature.Patanjali gives us two tools which will help us control the mind abhyasa or regular, sustained practice, and vairagya, a process of detachment from objects of desire, which is attained as a direct result of abhyasa. Patanjali likens both states of mind to a mirror. When the mirror is dusty or smeared, it reflects a distor ted image of whatever it reflects. When the mirror is cleaned the image is reflected without distortion, shining in its own essence samadhi. Patanjali concludes by saying that success in Yoga depends on the effectiveness of our desire for enlightenment, and the amount of effort we are prepared to put into our practice.The SiddhisKAYEDRIYA SIDDHIR ASUDDHI KSAYAT TAPASAHKaya = body, Indriya = senses, Siddhi = occult powers, Asuddhi = impurities, kshayat = due to destruction, Tapasah = austerities.By austerity, impurities of the body and senses are destroyed and occult powers gained.(Patanjali Ch-2, Vs-43)Siddhi is a Sanskrit word that literally means accomplishment, attainment, or success. It is also used as a term for spiritual power (or psychic ability). The term is used in that sense in Hinduism and Tantric Buddhism. These spiritual powers supposedly vary from relatively simple forms of clairvoyance to being able to levitate, to be present at various places at once, to become as small as an atom, to materialise objects, to have access to memories from past lives, and more.There are many perspectives of attaining Siddhis. One school of thought states that they are a normal set of occurrences that should not be focused upon because they will pull one from the path. otherwise perspectives hold that each siddhi should be pursued because it will allow one to understand the power of the Godhead. Siddhis may occur in many ways naturally though the agency of karma, as a result of extended practice (sadhana), through rigorous austerities (tapasya) or by grace. They are often mentioned in coincidence with Riddhi (pl Riddhis), which means material or worldly wealth, power, luxurious lifestyles, etc.TRAYAM EKATRA SAMYAMAHTrayam = the three Ekatra = upon one object samyama = the practice of dharana, dhyana and samadhi.The practice of these three (dharana, dhyana and samadhi)upon one object is called samyama.(Patanjali Ch-3, Vs-4)From the practice of samyama, come the siddhis. You dive deeply into an object or idea, and it releases its secrets. In a way, scientists have done samyama on the atomic particles. The particles released their energy, and the scientists got the knowledge of them. They accomplished the truth stern the particles. Samyama is usually done on objects or ideas connected with results. When the results come, you call them siddhis or vibhuti. (Patanjali Ch-3, Pg-177).TAD VAIRAGYAD API DOSA BIJA KSAYE KAIVALYAMTad = that Vairagyat = by non attachment Api = even Dosha bija = seed of bondage Kshaye = destroyed Kaivalyam = independence.By non attachment even to that (all these siddhis), the seed of bondage is destroyed and thus follows Kaivalya (Independence)(Patanjali Ch-3, Vs-51)This means that all those siddhis are beautiful, but they will bind us, because siddhis are the essence of the mind. The mind wants something. It wants to achieve this or that. What for? To be proud of itself, It develops ego, It makes your I and mine bi gger, Selfish desires are still there.So are the siddhis bad? If so why are they there? I say they are not bad. They are beautiful they are good. When? They come to you. When you run after them they are bad. Thats all the difference. let the siddhis come and beg. Dont become a slave or attached to siddhis let them come to you and be used as tools (Sri Swami Satchidananda The Yoga Sutras of Patanjali Ch-3, Pg-199,200).Nine main SiddhisParkaya Pravesha Parkaya Pravesh means ones soul entering into the body of some other person. by this knowledge even a dead body can be brought to life.Haadi Vidya This Vidya or knowledge has been mentioned in several ancient texts. On acquiring this Vidya, a person feels neither hunger nor thirst, and can remain without eating food or drinking water for several days at a stretch.Kaadi Vidya barely as one does not feel hungry or thirsty in Haadi Vidya, similarly in Kaadi Vidya a person is not affected by change of seasons, i.e. by summer, winter, ra in, etc. After accomplishing this Vidya, a person shall not feel cold even if he sits in the snow-laden mountains, and shall not feel enthusiastic even if he sits in the fire.Vayu Gaman Siddhi Through this Siddhi a person can become capable of locomote in the skies and traveling from one place to another in just a few seconds.Madalasa Vidya On accomplishing this Vidya, a person becomes capable of increasing or decreasing the size of his body according to his wish. passe-partout Hanuman had miniaturized his body through this Vidya while entering the city of Lanka.Kanakdhara Siddhi One can acquire colossal and unlimited wealth through this Siddhi.Prakya Sadhana Through this Sadhana a Yogi can direct his disciple to take birth from the womb of a woman who is childless or cannot bear children.Surya Vigyan This solar science is one of the most significant sciences of ancient India. This science has been known only to the Indian Yogis using it, one substance can be transformed into an other through the medium of sun rays.Mrit Sanjeevani Vidya This Vidya was created by Guru Shukracharya. Through it, even a dead person can be brought back to life.I recognise some of these Siddhis from the Shaman rituals that are carried out, for example the native americans used rituals/dances and trances to empthise and take on the characteristics and power of wolves and eagles, wearing feathers and or wolf wipe out etc. to help invoke the powers.(d) List the yamas and niyamas and give a brief translation of their names. Do you feel they are rules to be observed? Or are they the result of sustained practice of yoga?YamasThere are many interpretations of and opinions about the yamas and niyamas. While the ancient Indian text, the Bhagavata Purana assigns 12 yogic restraints the Parashar Smriti, another text, puts forward ten. But the yamas as described in Patanjalis Yoga Sutras there are only five, which are also known as the great universal vows or the sarvabhauma maha vratas, be cause they are not limited by either class, creed, time or circumstances. They are the guidelines for how we interact with the outer world, the social disciplines to guide us in our relationships with others. These five are Ahimsa (non-violence), Satya (truthfulness), Asteya (non-stealing), Brahmacharya (celibacy) and Aparigraha (non-covetousness)NiyamasThe niyamas are the second constituents of Ashtanga Yoga. How we interact with ourselves, our internal world. The niyamas are about self-regulation-helping us maintain a positive milieu in which to grow. Their practice harnesses the energy generated from the cultivation of the earlier yamas. According to sage Yajnavalkya, there are ten niyamas and the Bhagavad Gita lists 11 constituents. But Patanjali names only five Shaucha or purity, Santosha or contentment, Tapa or austerity, Swadhyaya or self-education and Ishwar-Pranidhan or meditation on the DivineThe Benefits of Practicing Yamas and NiyamasThe yamas and niyamas help in managi ng our energy in an combinative manner, complementing our outer life to our inner development. They help us view ourselves with compassion and awareness. They help in respecting the value of this life, in balancing our inner growth with outer restraint. In short they help us to lead a conscious-life.Yamas and niyamas are not about right and wrong. They are about being honest with the true Self. Living according to these principles are about living our lives in a better way, about moving towards an understanding, about making it possible to connect with the Divine.(e) Define the terms dharana, dhyana and samadhi. Briefly summarise the differences between them.The last three rungs of Yoga Dharana (concentration), dhyana (meditation), and samadhi are the final three rungs of Yoga.Dharana Concentration is the process of holding or fixing the attention of mind onto one object or place.DESABANDHAS CITTASYA DHARANADesabandhah = binding to one place chittasya = of the mind dharana = conce ntration.Dharana is the binding of the mind to one place, object or idea.(Patanjali Ch-3, Vs-1).Dhyana Meditation is sustained concentration, whereby the attention continues to hold or repeat the same object or place.TATRA PRATYAYAIKATANATA DHYANAMTatra = therein Pratyaya = flow of cognition Ekatanata = continued Dhyanam = meditation.Dhyana is the continuous flow of cognition toward that object.(Patanjali Ch-3, Vs-2).Samadhi Samadhi is the deep absorption, wherein only the essence of that object, place, or point shines forth in the mind, as if the mind were devoid even of its own form.TAD EVARTHMATRA NIRBHASAM SVARUPA SUNYAM IVA SAMADHIHTad eva = that (meditation) itself Arthamatra = the object alone Nirbhasam = shining Svarupa = of its own form Sunyam = devoid of Iva = as if samadhih = contemplation.Samadhih is the same meditation when there is the shinig of the object alone, as if devoid of form.(Patanjali Ch-3, Vs-3).The differences between Dharana, Meditation and Samadhi are sub tle but profound, in my view they are more complimentary than different, they are like a two dimensional jigsaw, when joined up becomes three-dimensional.In Dharana you are training the mind. It is the beginning of meditation. Concentration is the beginning of meditation. Normally, we see our mind running here and there. When we try to fix it on one thing, within a fraction of a second we see it somewhere else, keeping it fixed on one thing is concentration.Meditation is the culmination of concentration, continuous flow it is like pouring oil from one pot into another. The mind is fixed communication between meditator and object is steady.Time and space has no meaning in meditation when you feel five minutes as an bit, you are not meditating you are still concentrating, whereas when an hour feels like five minutes that is meditation.Meditation culminates in the state of Samadhih. One cant consciously practice Samadhih. In Samadhih there is neither the object nor the meditator. Ther e is no feeling of I am meditating on that.